PHOTOCOPIERSThe Archive · Two Registers, 1990→2026
The Modern Register · The Features · From the 41-page blue edition

The Timelines

Four technologies, 1990→2026, as geometry

Special Feature · The Timelines T

Four lines through thirty-six years

The engine, the colour, the business and the console — each drawn as one line from the briefcase era to now, because some arguments are clearer as geometry.

The briefcase filed machines, not time. A brochure told you what a copier was; only distance tells you what it was becoming, and the four lines on these pages are what the collection looks like when it is filed by distance instead. Each line begins in the years when the collector was telephoning salesmen, and ends in a present the salesmen would not recognise — though they would recognise the salesmanship, which is the point of the fourth line.

Every dated point is in the register's files with a source attached; the one approximate date is labelled as such, because the analog copier was never given a funeral — production simply stopped, sometime around 2004, while everyone was watching the network stack. Read the lines separately for the facts. Read them together for the story: the machine kept getting better while the industry kept getting smaller, and neither line ever paused to consult the other.

THE ENGINE — analog, digital, and the inkjet ambush 1990 2000 2010 2020 2026 1990 · DocuTech 135 digital production print is born 1997 · Document Centre the office copier goes digital MFP 2002 · iGen3 the digital press comes of age c. 2004 · analog exits last analog machines, no press release 2019 · Baltoro HF production inkjet, no precoat 2023 · heat-free inkjet Epson AM-C: no fuser, no drum 2026 · AM-C10000 100 ppm; the inkjet wins the sprint PLATE No. T1
THE ENGINE: xerography's forty-year reign, bookended. The 1990 DocuTech digitised the light-lens; the 2026 inkjet dispensed with the fuser entirely.
COLOUR — from forbidden fruit to spot-colour stations 1990 2000 2010 2020 2026 1989 · CLC-500 digital colour goes mainstream 1992 · anti-forgery tech colour worries the banks 1994 · CLC-800 first auto-duplex colour laser 2018 · Iridesse six stations: gold, silver, fluoro pink 2024 · bright pink BP-1200S chases the Pantone book 2026 · Green + Pink Revoria: six colours, one pass PLATE No. T2
COLOUR: 1989: so alarming the industry built currency detectors into it. 2026: the argument is which two extra colours ship in stations five and six. Nobody counterfeits — everybody brand-matches.
THE BUSINESS — boxes, badges, contracts, factories 1990 2000 2010 2020 2026 1995 · Ricoh buys badges Savin, then the Gestetner group 2000 · Kyocera + Mita the one bankruptcy, mended 2003 · Konica + Minolta two marques, one nameplate 2008 · dealer endgame IKON to Ricoh; Danka to KM 2016 · new owners Foxconn; Samsung→HP 2021 · Fujifilm BI the 57-year JV, renamed 2024 · Etria rivals share one factory 2025 · Xerox + Lexmark the newest paperwork PLATE No. T3
THE BUSINESS: thirty-six years, no pauses. Badges multiply, dealers are swallowed, owners change, and the line ends with competitors sharing a production line — each step a strategic triumph, each one making the cabinet smaller.
THE CONSOLE — how the machine asked for attention 1990 2000 2010 2020 2026 1988 · 5090 touch screen asked nicely for the first time 1990 · fuzzy logic “the copier that thinks”, round one 1994 · the pixelated X branding admits the digital future 2010s · tablet on an arm every console becomes the same console 2017 · erasable blue the copier grows an undo key 2024 · “AI-powered” round two of thinking 2026 · “AI-enabled” the adjective, refreshed PLATE No. T4
THE CONSOLE: a thirty-six-year conversation between machine and operator, in which the machine's vocabulary grew from two lights and a jam diagram to a full tablet — and its marketing claimed it was thinking at both ends of the line.

What the four lines say when read together

Engineering never stopped advancing; ownership never stopped concentrating; the console never stopped promising thought. Draw them on one chart and the industry's whole character appears: relentless improvement, administered by ever fewer hands, described in ever grander adjectives. The register finds this consistent with everything else in its files.